Because puns are hilarious.

Did I mention I'd be posting infrequently?

Because I am.

So here's an interesting little news story:
http://www.seattlepi.com/local/komo/article/Accused-child-rapists-gets-to-watch-kiddie-porn-1464194.php

Yes, the subject matter is abhorrent.  Yes, there's a grammatical typo in the headline.  But what I'm interested in here is the framing.  Framing is huge in journalism - in theory, journalism espouses an ideal of objectivity.  In reality, however, even the most "just the facts, ma'am" article will almost always have some sort of angle or perspective.  Seemingly insignificant word choice and collocation (the instances of certain words in proximity to each other; think "Christian right" or "Muslim" and "terrorist") on the part of journalists like Keith Eldridge can vastly change the meaning and tone of the article.

For example:
"To make sure no other inmates get a chance to see the pornography, Gilbert is made to review them in a separate room."

The phrase "get a chance" implies that other inmates would want to see the pornography and/or that if they did see it, it would be a positive experience for them. This is framing the fact in a particular way.  The journalist could have chosen to state it another way:

 "To make sure no other inmates view the pornography..." or "To make sure no other inmates are exposed to the pornography..."  These two alternatives would carry very different meaning. 

While there are other instances of framing, almost all of the rest of the article is direct or indirect quotes from officials, so the journalist's word choices are not as easy to discern.

Finally, the headline is interesting as well.  In daily journalism outlets like the Seattle PI and KOMO-TV, many journalists do not get to write their own headlines, so Eldridge may not have written this one.  But it fits well with the tone of the piece, and is also an excellent illustration of framing:

"Accused child rapists [sic] gets to watch kiddie porn"


Again, we have the choice of "gets to," though in this instance it makes a bit more sense given the accusations.  What's striking to me is the use of "kiddie porn" - this is much more informal than the "child pornography" used later in the article.  It's a common phrase (at least in US culture) that is almost certainly guaranteed to provoke an extremely negative reaction.  Either phrase conjures up acts and images that are abhorrent and taboo in our society, but "child pornography" is a bit more of a technical descriptor and, I argue, does not provoke as visceral a response as "kiddie porn." 

The case against the man sounds quite damning, but because he is still "innocent until proven guilty," I think word choice in this article is worth looking at.  To be clear:  I am not advocating on behalf of Gilbert or accusing Eldridge of any sort of journalistic wrongdoing.  For the purposes of this blog, I'm just interested in the word choice and how it plays into the framing of the piece.

Meta-Meta-Metaphor

Our faculty posted this article today: http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/editorial/outlook/7518944.html and asked us to briefly comment on one of the metaphors Brooks discusses.  But I got a little entertainingly distracted by Brooks' own use of metaphor in his article about metaphors, so I delved into one of his sentences - by this point, my prof likes me and knows that I understand these concepts, so hopefully she'll let me get away with the slight deviation from the assignment.  And I also tried to use as many metaphors as I could in my little commentary.  NERDY FUN!

There were so many great metaphors in this article about metaphors that it was hard to buckle down and pick just one. This sentence, though, contains three: “But in the normal rush of events, we often see straight through metaphors, unaware of how they refract perceptions.” Here, events are moments in time that are ambulatory – TIME IS A PHYSICALLY MOVING OBJECT; this metaphor obviously hides the idea that time is an abstract concept, but it also hides time actually does not have any agency of its own. Next up, METAPHORS ARE INVISIBLE OR TRANSPARENT OBJECTS that can be seen through – thus hiding the idea that metaphors are actually abstract conceptions. Building upon the idea of metaphor as object, lastly, metaphors are specifically refractive objects, perhaps METAPHORS ARE PRISMS.

There are a gajillion more metaphors in that article to think about, both the ones he discusses and the ones he uses.

Wherein I Take Maureen Dowd To Task

This was a recent assignment for class, in which we were to find an op-ed and analyze it for textual and interpersonal discourse markers.  We were only required to highlight 5-8 of these markers; there are obviously many more than the eight I highlighted.
Also, color me unimpressed with Ms. Dowd.  Obviously.  Crappy pseudo-feminist politics much?

Methodology:

I examined a New York Times op-ed by Maureen Dowd, dated March 13, 2005, found here: http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/13/opinion/13dowd.html.

Findings:

Dish It Out, Ladies

By Maureen Dowd

When I need to work up my nerve to write a tough column, I try to think of myself as Emma Peel in a black leather catsuit, giving a kung fu kick to any diabolical mastermind who merits it.
I try not to visualize myself as one of the witches in "Macbeth," sitting off to the side over a double, double toil and trouble, bubbling cauldron, muttering about what is fair or foul in the hurly burly of the royal court.
There's an intense debate going on now about why newspapers have so few female columnists. Out of what will soon be eight Times Op-Ed columnists - nine, counting the public editor - I'm the only woman.
In 1996, after six months on the job, I went to Howell Raines, the editorial page editor, to try to get out of the column. I was a bundle of frayed nerves. I felt as though I were in a "Godfather" movie, shooting and getting shot at. Men enjoy verbal dueling. As a woman, I told Howell, I wanted to be liked - not attacked. He said I could go back to The Metro Section; I decided to give it another try. Bill Safire told me I needed Punzac, Prozac for pundits.
Guys don't appreciate being lectured by a woman. It taps into myths of carping Harpies and hounding Furies, and distaste for nagging by wives and mothers. The word "harridan" derives from the French word "haridelle" - a worn-out horse or nag.
Men take professional criticism more personally when it comes from a woman. When I wrote columns about the Clinton impeachment opéra bouffe, Chris Matthews said that for poor Bill, it must feel as though he had another wife hectoring him.
While a man writing a column taking on the powerful may be seen as authoritative, a woman doing the same thing may be seen as castrating. If a man writes a scathing piece about men in power, it's seen as his job; a woman can be cast as an emasculating man-hater. I'm often asked how I can be so "mean" - a question that Tom Friedman, who writes plenty of tough columns, doesn't get.
Even the metaphors used to describe my column play into the castration theme: my scalpel, my cutting barbs, razor-sharp hatchet, Clinton-skewering and Bush-whacking. "Does she," The L.A. Times's Patt Morrison wondered, "write on a computer or a Ronco Slicer and Dicer?"
In 1998, Bill Clinton made a castration joke about me at a press dinner, as I sank down in my seat. I called Alan Dundes, a renowned folklorist, to ask about it. "Women are supposed to take it, not dish it out," he replied. "If a woman embarrasses a man, he feels inadequate, effeminate. He wants her to go back to the kitchen."
The kerfuffle over female columnists started when Susan Estrich launched a crazed and nasty smear campaign against Michael Kinsley, the L.A. Times editorial page editor, trying to force him to run her humdrum syndicated column.
Given the appalling way she's handled herself, Susan - an acquaintance for many years - is the last person Michael, a friend of mine, should hire. But he should recruit some more talented women to write for him. So should The Times, The Washington Post - which also has only one female columnist - and anyone else who has an obvious gender gap on their op-ed pages.
Gail Collins, the first woman to run The Times's editorial page and the author of a history of American women, told The Post's Howard Kurtz: "There are probably fewer women, in the great cosmic scheme of things, who feel comfortable writing very straight opinion stuff, and they're less comfortable hearing something on the news and batting something out."
There's a lot of evidence of that. Male bloggers predominate, as do male TV shouters. Men I know and men who read The Times write me constantly, asking me to read the opinion pieces they've written. Sometimes they'll e-mail or fax me their thoughts to read right before I have lunch with them. Women hardly ever send their own rants.
There's been a dearth of women writing serious opinion pieces for top news organizations, even as there's been growth in female sex columnists for college newspapers. Going from Tess Harding to Carrie Bradshaw, Dorothy Thompson to Candace Bushnell, is not progress.
This job has not come easily to me. But I have no doubt there are plenty of brilliant women who would bring grace and guts to our nation's op-ed pages, just as, Lawrence Summers notwithstanding, there are plenty of brilliant women out there who are great at math and science. We just need to find and nurture them.

Table of Textual Metadiscourse Markers (highlighted in yellow)

Category	Function	Examples
Logical Marker	Consecutive	“...as do male TV shouters.”
Logical Marker	Adversative	“But I have no doubt...”

Table of Interpersonal Metadiscourse Markers (highlighted in green)

Category	Function	Examples
Commentary	Personalization	“...I'm the only woman”
Evidential	Source of information	“As a woman...”
Evidential	Source of information	“Chris Matthews said...”
Epistemic stance marker	Hedge – modal verb	“...can be cast...”
Attitudinal stance marker	Modal verb	“...he should...”
Epistemic stance marker	Certainty expression	“...I have no doubt...”
Commentary Attitudinal stance marker	Inclusive expression Modal verb	“We just need...”

Discussion:

Personalizations are by far the most prevalent type of interpersonal discourse markers present in this column, with 21 instances. As one might expect in an opinion column, there are very few instances of hedging, with numerous definitive statements. Dowd does provide quotes from a few external sources, which helps lend her credibility. But overall, the lack of hedges combined with the many personalizations and definitive statements helps position Dowd herself as the most knowledgeable and credible source – in effect, she is her own evidential in an opinion piece such as this.

Her reliance on gender stereotypes may be extremely effective – for those who agree with or do not question those stereotypes. On the one hand, she points out double standards and unfair criticisms that women writers are likely to receive. On the other hand, she reinforces those sexist ideas herself. Women feel, men reason. Women nag, men verbally duel. Indeed, her harshest judgments in this piece are reserved for women – women who don't share their rants, women who write about sexuality, and specifically, fellow female op-ed writer Susan Estrich, who she characterizes as "crazed and nasty."  Because this is an op-ed about op-eds (so very meta), one wonders if her target audience is newspaper management, instead of the usual target of newspaper readers. Given that newspaper management is almost exclusively male, her strategy of demeaning other women may have been deliberate, so as to appear nonthreatening while still driving home her point that there should be more female op-ed writers. However, I am doubtful that she was that thoughtful, or that she sees the gender stereotypes in her own work.